Principles of Financial Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Principles of Financial Management - Assignment Example Funds for business operations can be obtained from two sources, these include: internal as well as external sources. Internal sources of finance refer to funds raised from competencies and resources within the organization, for example: sale of fixed assets and money saved from the total earnings. External sources of finances refer to those sources that are located out of the business vicinity, in the environment in which the business is operating (Bendrey, 2001, p.16). For example: sale of shares to other investors, bank loans, overdraft and investments from the investment world. Several benefits are associated with both kinds of financing methods. External financing sources such as sale of shares is one of the most fastest method for raising capital and gaining huge amount of money in a very short period of time. Money raised through sale of shares does not need to be returned and no interest needs to be paid. On the other hand, funds raised through internal sources allow the organization to continue controlling the organization and is not associated with payment of interest. If loan is obtained from banks, organizations can gain access to heavy amount of funds which can be repaid over a long period of time and company does not losses its say on the operations. These sources of finance have disadvantages associated with them, in case of sale of shares, owners of the company loose control and shareholders even participate in decision making process (Cottrell, 1980, p.248). If an organization borrows loan from a bank, it has a duty to not only repay the loan amount, it even has to pay the interest levied on the loan amount which might become difficult to repay if the organization fails to generate revenue. The money raised through internal sources are quite limited are required for day to day financing purposes. If money raised through internal sources is used up, the company might suffer from

The Rise of Imperial Rome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Rise of Imperial Rome - Essay Example Afterwards, more provinces became romanized and integrated they themselves played an increasing role in the empire governing. The people in the new provinces gradually started getting roman citizenship and later the provinces came to form significant minorities in the Rome senate (Jill, 286). However, the citizenships extended always tend to exclude women and slaves. The same time the provinces were be included in the senate, the economic centre of the empire began to move towards the provinces within the Roman Empire from Italy. Trade started expanding and extending to other markets such as Italy and beyond. The trading that went on within the provinces of trading everyday items between those in the empire created a sense of communion. However, a clear defined line between the east and west was still laid down. In the east Greek was spoken as an official language while in the west Latin was the official language at this time. However, through the years Latin remained to be a marker of Romanness. The trading opportunities for Rome Empire were diverse and plentiful. Roman glassware and pottery were traded east. Gold and silver coins were the main form of payment, draining 100 million sesterces every year from the empire. Among the trade that took place in Rome was also slave trade (history.com/topics/ancient-rome). During Augustus reign as many as 35 percent of Italian people were slaves. Therefore Rome was marked as one of the five slave societies in history. Slaves in Rome Empire constituted at least a fifth of the people in the population and played a major role in the economy. History of the rise of imperial Rome Initially, Rome was governed as a republic before it becoming an empire. It had three major elements; the central government, military and provincial government. In the 3rd century BC, Rome had begun taking over provinces. During this time, Sulla and Caesar governed Rome and they had both achieved the rank of absolute ruler, however, their reign was short lived, owing to the crisis that the empire underwent in the 3rd century, which threatened its existence. Fortunately, the situation was stabilized and reunited. This was four centuries before it became the greatest empire. Furthermore, the provinces were administered by former praetors and consuls. The consuls and praetors were elected to one year term and held right of command. Consequently, Rome transitioned from republic to imperial autocracy due to the amassing of misappropriates military power and wealth by some men through their provincial commands and this was a lead factor for the transition. After the transition from a republic to an empire the first empire was Augustus. The first empire Augustus obtained his role as a supreme ruler after defeating Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC, at the battle of Actium. The emperor was the overall authority in decision and policy making and his practical source of power and authority was the military. Augustus rejected titles associa ted with monarchy and otherwise referred to him as princeps which meant the leading citizen. Moreover, in his era, Augustus order to the chaos that almost took 20 years of civil war was finally brought to an end (Duncan, 24). Areas that had been added to the Roman republic needed to be reconstructed as provinces to the empire, therefore Augustus reorganised the provinces such as Asia Minor and Syria, and then held the Parthian empire in check using cunning diplomacy. During the reign

Family in Europe History Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Family in Europe History - Coursework Example The Gratian solution to this problem was to suggest that marriage occurs in two stages, the first when consent is made and the second following intercourse. Although marriage was valid and binding after consent, it was made more intimate and complete only after intercourse. While this validated Mary and Joseph’s marriage, it still indicated their marriage wasn’t totally complete because, of course, Mary was a virgin. As a result, this solution didn’t satisfy the Christian concerns. The Lombard solution relied on semantics. Rather than suggesting that simple consent was necessary, Lombard suggested that this consent had to be made in the present tense, which distinguishes it as a marriage contract, therefore making Mary and Joseph’s marriage complete. This was distinguishable from a betrothal simply because it was uttered in the present tense; betrothals were made in future tense. Because it satisfied both concerns regarding how to distinguish marriage from betrothal and validated the marriage of Jesus and Mary, this definition of marriage was accepted, but it also introduced a significant shift in family power as regional lords, the church and the parents all lost the ability to forbid marriage, retaining only the power to disapprove of it. The agnatic lineage traces family kinship ties through the father’s line only. The women were completely ejected from the equation and any sense that the matrilineal line is the only sure line of descent was lost. This caused women to lose a great deal of their worth. As mentioned, they were no longer important to the family line other than to provide the means of acquiring the next generation. This loss caused them to also lose any claims of inheritance or particular care within their childhood family unit. Once they were married, they ceased to be of any importance to their birth family at all as any of their labors and the children they bear then belong to the family of the husband. By removing half of

Conducting e-Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Conducting e-Business - Essay Example Challenges faced by start-up businesses wanting to make the best use of the Internet are first to know why they should take up the e-business route, to know what options are available, and then know in more detail how to go about the whole process of setting up and running the system. All companies under the capitalist system seek competitive advantage over their competition. Therefore, minimizing costs and maximizing profits are the higher priorities. Greater challenges faced by those start-up businesses wanting to use the Internet as its core medium of operation through the deployment of a data-centric service or product: Effective integration of business processes so that the e-business solution is capable of delivering reliable and accurate product/service information online in real time. The company should be able to react quickly to take on new opportunities and reduce costs and time to market their products/services. Additional modules of the e-business system should be flexible, meet industry standards, and allow new implementations to be added easily and quickly, and with minimal disruption. The system must be able to handle the different computing systems across all the company’s offices and departments. Security issues dealing with authorization and access to the system both internally and on the Internet. Seamless integration of internal database with Internet system. Implementation of feedback loops to tailor service based on individual decisions and requirements. This requires faster data analysis tools and greater integration.

How does Boxing the Compass engage with Genesis 6-9 Essay

How does Boxing the Compass engage with Genesis 6-9 - Essay Example To solve the cases of idolatry, one needs to love and trust the gift giver with absence of interference from any gift or anything other than God alone. Then people are capable of loving and appreciating gifts accordingly, neither giving them too much strength nor failing to be thankful for them. People are then free indeed, and not in bondage or addiction to anything that cannot satisfy them or give them peace known as shalom. Imagine a novella contagious intimation of the oceans in their fatal fragility as maintenance of life by narrating a daughter in the morning for her mother. Via the grief of the daughter, the novella permits the mourning climate change solicits in language to seek an articulation. The imaginings drive us to the uncanny work of Sandy Florian of mourning in the Boxing the compass novella. Florian’s novella boxing the compass follows a lady through a day into which she awakens. After that, she leaves her house. She heads to buy bread at a local store. She comes back to her apartment, brews tea, takes a shower and leaves again her home. She rides an urban passenger train toward the graveyard where her mother was buried. In fact, the whole of the day confronts the lady with a procedure of rousing. The day is an anniversary of the era the lady’s mother died; the day disoriented the daughter utterly. The conceit of the novella boxing the compass gestures toward the disorientation. That is about the sunless she peers moonless she looks for lifeless. She looks for the mirror yearning for an inside magnetic compass for those little kids who cannot yacht their ships with ease. Peoples’ memories are elusive. It turns and twists, infiltrates and tangles, it shifts and moves smoke-like structure and so foggy, it is the lens via which people see. According to Einstein (1922), memory is deceptive because it is today’s events coloring. From this novella, boxing the compass, give readers an elucidation of what is

Tale of Two Cities Character Analysis Essay Example for Free

Tale of Two Cities Character Analysis Essay The sacrifice of one’s own life for the person they love is by far the ultimate sacrifice any human being can make. In A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens, Sydney Carton, a despondent and inebriate man, did exactly that. Through his sacrifice, he became the most memorable and dynamic character in this book. Sydney Carton was an unmotivated alcoholic who transformed his wasted and useless life by performing a selfless act of heroism. I am a disappointed drudge. I care for no man on earth, and no man on earth cares for me, (Page 71). That was Sydney Carton’s abridged explanation for his disposition when he meets Charles Darnay. In the beginning, Carton is a lazy, alcoholic attorney who cares about nothing in life. He is self-undermining in that he has no confidence or volition and believes his life is an extreme waste. He is crude, frequently drunk, and melancholy. He feels he is stuck in the disappointed course of his once promising life, and has nothing worth giving anymore. Around the middle of the book, Sydney Carton makes a remarkable transformation into a man of profound merit. He professes his love to Lucie saying, For you, and for any dear to you, I would do anything. I would embrace any sacrifice for you and for those dear to you, (page 128). This scene marks a vital transition for Carton and lays the foundation and foreshadows the supreme sacrifice that he makes at the end of the novel. Lucie was the only one who thought there was a good person in Carton, and inadvertently succeeded in transforming him from depressed and dejected into a caring and altruistic man. Sydney Cartons promise to Lucie took him to the guillotine at the end of A Tale of Two Cities. He died for Darnay, which he believes is the greatest thing he could do to make his life significant. His death lets the woman he loves be happy. He quotes a verse from the bible saying, I am the resurrection and then life, saith the Lord; he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall never die; and whosoever liveth and believeth in me, shall never die. This verse becomes almost his theme of the rest of Carton’s changed outlook of life. Sydney Cartons resurrection from his concealed life by his love for Lucie is gained by giving up his life for her happiness. He goes to death with the satisfaction of knowing that his life now has meaning, which is what Carton was searching for throughout the novel. During his life he was unable to act in his own self-interest, but, paradoxically, he’s completely willing to sacrifice his own life so that another man may live to please the one he loves. Sydney Carton sacrificed his life for Lucie, the only person who made him feel his life had meaning—just like he had promised to her. He began as a drunken man with no purpose, but only in the sacrifice of his life did Carton establish his greatest worth. Essentially what makes him the most memorable and dynamic character of A Tale of Two Cities is this predominant resurrection. In that all that was good in him and his love for Lucie lives on in Darnay, and he is now defined not for what he was, but by his single greatest act.

Leadership Styles Of Laissez Faire

Leadership Styles Of Laissez Faire Tata Steel completed its  £6.2 billion (US$12 billion) acquisition of Corus Group at a price of 608 pence per ordinary share in cash on 2 April 2007.The first set of financial results for Corus since becoming a subsidiary of Tata Steel were for the 15 months ending 31st March 2008. Consolidated Financial Highlights 2007-08* (1) How would you describe the Leadership and the leadership style of the company and its relationship with the leadership theories that you are familiar with. Leadership Every company has president, board chairman or leader. For the most ways we agree that someone individually needs to head our businesses and social institutions. The leader of any organization expectedly completes his role which is given by communicating the values of the organization he or she represents. Simply we can define leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common goal. Laissez-faire Laissez-Faire Leadership style is known hands off style where managers provides a very little or no directions and maximum freedom is given to staff. All authority given to the staff and they determine goals, resolve problems also makes decisions on their own. The effective use of this style is when staff is highly skilled experienced and educated. Staff have capacity to the work done successfully by their own and also when the staff is trustworthy and fully competent to perform tasks. This style should not be used in the absence of manager when staff feels insecurity, also managers unable to thank staff for their good work which has been done by team members. This approach of Leadership is being used in Corus Company. In Corus since 1950s lots of manufacturing techniques on quality based has been developed. Kaizen is one of those and its Japanese for continues improvement. The main focus of Kaizen is to make continues improvement and CI takes any company towards lean production system. In lean Production system Waste is minimized, flow of work is smooth and total focus of business is on customer needs. Lean system is basically less recourses used efficiently. Where increase in production makes organization profitable. By Continuous Improvement system Corus helps to eliminate waste in various key areas. One aspect is Lean Production which helps to save costs of stock which is the Just in Time (JIT) principle. Just in time means supply of the good at the same time when these are needed. With the help of JIT a minimum stock is kept and maximum finished products to meet demand of customer. It requires well organized system. This system carries risks as well if suppliers fail to supply then organizatio n less able to meet the requirements of customer. Continuous improvement influences the whole employees effectiveness towards the customer needs. By this way employees need to adopt the continuous improvement principal which starts with senior management. Under the leadership of senior management CI works through the whole organization. In this system strong communication skills are important among the departments. Corus carries out regular presentations to let the employees know that how CI is improving business. CI also uses written communication. Everyone is the part to play with continuous improvement. Corus employees contribute ideas for improving their working practices under the supervision of various CI groups. And every person knows very well how to make improvements. Empowerment is given to employees and managers help towards employees gives them the job satisfaction. Corus enjoys the benefits of becoming more profitable organization by reducing the cost, and securing high value orders and time saving operations. Continuous Improvement not only makes Corus more efficient but also provides many benefits to its external stakeholders. (2) In evaluating organisation culture, how would you describe the cultural philosophy of the organisation, its implication on the workforce and the organisation performances? Organizational culture refers to the underlining values, believes and principles, that serve as a foundation for the management system, management practices, and their behavior (Brown, 1995). Organizational culture deeply rooted into the structure and members of the organization. We can say organizational culture (generally) provides a framework or track for the organization to run smoothly to success and, if effective, provides its employees an opportunity to develop themselves, depending on the employees personal ambitions. Culture is the collection of traditions, values, policies, beliefs, and attitudes that constitutes a pervasive context for everything we do and think in an organisation. Culture could also be defined as the collective self-image and styles of an organisation; its shared values and beliefs, norms and symbols (The way we do things around here) The impact of organizational culture on workforce and organizational performance varied depends upon whether the organization has a culture strong or weak but there are some general things that apply on it many of the workers are spending more and more time at workplace which totally depends on the job. It is a common phenomenon that a happy worker is pretty productive and this is one of the good impacts on the organizations performance. A strong organization always focuses on the environment it creates should be encourage able, efficient and productive for employees which shows importance of the employees in the organization. Such things generally have best response from its employees and also good for them to achieve goals. We aim to balance the needs of our stakeholders by incorporating the principles of sustainability into all aspects of our business. Performance culture of Corus is based on four pillars and the aim of Corus is about the work of employees together for achieving t he business goals. The responsibility of each and every employee is corporate by giving the full support from bottom to top in accordance with the performance culture. Aspirational targets are where Corus challenges to understand the boundaries, set ambitions, and value added growth to delight customers by giving them maximum value together and to set the benchmark for the best performance. Corus keeps in mind safe workplace high ethical standards, communities, prevent harmful injuries and respects environment culture for the safety and social responsibility. Continuous improvement system is the uniformity of employees management system towards the best performance through teamwork to make organization profitable. Its motivation, coaching individual, develop talent and empowering the employees. Openness and transparency is about trust, spirit and cooperation throughout teamwork at all levels in any group of organization. This encourages database communication respect decisions and e ach other and inspires peace, passion and pride among the employees.